PSS219 Assignment: Public Safety and Security in Singapore (ECA)

Module / Subject / School:

End-of-Course Assessment 

PSS219: Public Safety and Security in Singapore

Singapore University of Social Sciences

What we score:

86%

Requirements: 

This End-of-Course Assessment (ECA) requires you to submit a 3000-word essay by answering four (4) questions. 

Question 1

Illustrate a fictitious hybrid warfare scenario in Singapore that could potentially involve Balena as an aggressor. Your scenario should involve several different types of incidents, including a cyber-attack, an armed attack, and a mass casualty incident involving a building collapse.

Question 2
Examine Singapore’s public safety and security approach, should the fictitious hybrid warfare scenario you have described occur. Focus on how Singapore’s public safety and security agencies would prepare and respond to at least three of the security vulnerabilities you have highlighted in Question 1

Question 3

Consider how social media could be used in the scenario you have envisaged. Compare how social media may be used to enhance public safety and security, and how it can also be used as a tool to degrade public safety and security.

Question 4

Summarise your reflections on Singapore’s Ministry of Home Affairs terrorism threat assessment report 2024, and its relevance to the hybrid warfare scenario you have developed.

Our Writer’s Comment 

This ECA is designed to test students’ ability to think holistically about public safety and security in Singapore under complex threat conditions, rather than answer each question in isolation. Although the ECA is structured into four questions, higher-scoring submissions present a single, internally consistent hybrid warfare narrative that runs through the entire paper.

A common weakness is treating Question 1 as a fictional storytelling exercise without sufficient analytical grounding. Stronger submissions construct a realistic hybrid warfare scenario involving cyber, physical, and mass-casualty components, while clearly explaining why vulnerabilities exist and how they are exploited. These vulnerabilities then logically inform the analysis in Question 2, where Singapore’s public safety and security response is examined.

For Questions 3 and 4, weaker answers often remain descriptive. Higher-quality work critically evaluates how information flows, social media dynamics, and public communication can either stabilise or destabilise security situations, and meaningfully links insights from the MHA Terrorism Threat Assessment Report 2024 back to the original scenario. 

General Tips to Improve Your Score

Treat the ECA as one integrated security scenario
Ensure continuity across all four questions, from threat design to response and reflection.

State assumptions clearly and consistently
Assumptions should be realistic and should guide, not replace, analysis.

Balance realism with academic rigour
Fictional scenarios must still be grounded in credible threats, vulnerabilities, and policy frameworks.

Analyse public safety responses, not just list agencies
Focus on preparedness, coordination, and response mechanisms rather than organisational descriptions.

Use social media and policy documents critically
Evaluate both benefits and risks, and link reflections back to your hybrid warfare scenario.

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